Term	Symbol	Meaning
dansm
accent		The top symbol means play the note loud but staccato. The bottom symbol means play the normal note length loudly.
dansm
crescendo		Increase in volume for the duration of the crescendo symbol.
dansm
coda		See my page on codas.
dansm
decrescendo		Decrease in volume for the duration of the decrescendo symbol.
dansm
hold		Called a fermata in Italian, this means you should hold the note until you feel like stopping.
dansm
grace note		An extremely brief note which happens slightly before the beat and is not counted in the timing of the measure.
dansm
ottava		Play the notes one octave higher than written for the duration of the ottava symbol. Ottava means "octave" in Italian.
dansm
ottava bassa		Play the notes one octave lower than written for the duration of the ottava bassa symbol. Ottava bassa means "octave lower" in Italian.
dansm
repeat		See my page on repeats.
dansm
ritard		Decrease the tempo.
dansm
staccato		Play this note short (specifically, play this note for one-half its normal length).
dansm
tie		Two notes connected by a tie should be played so there is no break between them. Basically, you add the note values together and play a single note.
dansm
trill		Trill the notes for the duration of the symbol.
dansm
triplet		Fit the three notes under the symbol into two normal notes. For example, if there are 3 quarter notes, play them in two quarter note beats; and if there are three eighth notes, play them in two eighth note beats.
dansm
vibrato		Play this note using vibrato for the duration of the symbol.
dansm